The TIGER/Line Shapefiles are an extract of selected geographic and cartographic information from the
Census MAF/TIGER database. The Census MAF/TIGER database represents a seamless national file with no
overlaps or gaps between parts. However, each TIGER/Line Shapefile is designed to stand alone as an
independent data set or the shapefiles can be combined to cover the whole nation.
In order for others to use the information in the Census MAF/TIGER database in a geographic information
system (GIS) or for other geographic applications, the Census Bureau releases to the public extracts of
the database in the form of TIGER/Line Shapefiles.
Publication Date
The TIGER/Line Shapefile products are not copyrighted however TIGER/Line and Census TIGER are registered
trademarks of the U.S. Census Bureau. These products are free to use in a product or publication, however
acknowledgement must be given to the U.S. Census Bureau as the source.
The horizontal spatial accuracy information present in these files is provided for the purposes of statistical
analysis and census operations only. No warranty, expressed or implied is made with regard to the accuracy
of the spatial accuracy, and no liability is assumed by the U.S. Government in general or the U.S. Census Bureau,
specifically as to the spatial or attribute accuracy of the data. The TIGER/Line Shapefiles may not be suitable
for high-precision measurement applications such as engineering problems, property transfers, or other uses
that might require highly accurate measurements of the earth's surface.Coordinates in the TIGER/Line shapefiles
have six implied decimal places, but the positional accuracy of these coordinates is not as great as the six
decimal places suggest.
4600 Silver Hill Road, Stop 7400
Accurate against Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS), FIPS Publication 6-4, and FIPS-55 at
the 100% level for the codes and base names. The remaining attribute information has been examined but
has not been fully tested for accuracy.
There may be some inconsistencies in feature names along features. An anomaly exists with the sporadic
occurrence of road segments comprising a complete chain with different MAF/TIGER Feature Census Class
Code (MTFCC) values assigned. This problem could affect applications that use the MTFCC values for
network analysis, routing, or for assigning symbology to a feature when creating a map.
The Census Bureau performed automated tests to ensure logical consistency and limits of shapefiles.
Node/geometry and topology relationships are collected or generated to satisfy topological edit requirements.
These requirements include: (1) Complete chains must begin and end at nodes. (2) Complete chains must connect to each other at nodes. (3) Complete chains do not extend through nodes. (4) Left and right polygons are defined for each complete chain element and are consistent throughout the extract process. (5) The chains representing the limits of the files are free of gaps.
Data completeness of the TIGER/Line Shapefiles reflects the contents of the Census MAF/TIGER database at the time the
TIGER/Line Shapefiles were created.
The Census Bureau uses Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates at road centerline intersections to
evaluate the horizontal spatial accuracy of source files that may be used to realign road features in the
MAF/TIGER database and test the horizontal spatial accuracy of the road features in the TIGER/Line Shapefiles.
The test compares a survey-grade GPS coordinate to its associated road centerline intersection in the
TIGER/Line Shapefiles. The test is based on an independent collection of GPS coordinates for a random
sample of road intersections from a centerline file that meet certain criteria. The points are referred
to as the sample points and are gathered through a private contractor working for the Census Bureau.
Since the collection method uses survey-quality GPS-based field techniques, the resulting control
points are considered 'ground truth' against which the TIGER road centerline intersection coordinates
are compared. The distances between the coordinates are calculated and the Census Bureau determines
the Circular Error 95% (CE95). That is, the accuracy of the file in meters with 95% confidence.
The CE95 can be calculated from the mean and standard deviation by using the formula: mean of
differences plus (2.65 times the standard deviation). CE95 results reported for each file tested
are determined using a spreadsheet with embedded statistical formula. The use and applicability of
the spreadsheet and its embedded formula have been verified by Census Bureau statisticians. The basis
of the calculation is the use of the root mean square error (RSME). This is the method as stated in the
U.S. Government's Federal Geographic Data Committee Standard FGDC-STD-007.3-1998, Geospatial Positioning
Accuracy Standards. Part 3: National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy. The results of using this measure
of accuracy are in compliance with Federal Spatial Data requirements. In terms of the Census Bureau
application, the dataset coordinate values are those taken from the centerline file and the coordinate
values from an independent source of higher accuracy are those acquired through the Census Bureau's
contractor. Please note that the horizontal spatial accuracy, where reported, refers only to the
realigned road features identified as matched to the positionally accurate source file with that accuracy.
It is not the spatial accuracy of the TIGER/Line Shapefile as a whole.
The selected geographic and cartographic information (line segments) are derived from the U.S.
Census Bureau's Master Address File Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing
(MAF/TIGER) database.
Coordinates to realign selected hydrographic features in the Census MAF/TIGER database.
Coordinates to realign selected hydrographic features in the Census MAF/TIGER database.
Coordinates to realign selected road features in the Census MAF/TIGER database.
Coordinates to realign selected hydrographic features in the Census MAF/TIGER database.
Coordinates to realign selected hydrographic features in the Census MAF/TIGER database.
Coordinates to realign selected hydrographic features in the Census MAF/TIGER database.
TIGER/Line Shapefiles are extracted from the Census MAF/TIGER database by nation, state, county,
and entity. Census MAF/TIGER data for the nation, state, county, and entity are then distributed
among 58 shapefiles each containing attributes for line, polygon, or landmark geographic data.
Internal feature number.
ESRI
Feature geometry.
ESRI
Current state Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) code
U.S. Census Bureau
Current county Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) code
U.S. Census Bureau
Permanent edge ID
U.S. Census Bureau
Permanent face ID on the left of the edge
U.S. Census Bureau
Permanent face ID on the right of the edge
U.S. Census Bureau
MAF/TIGER feature class code of the primary feature for the edge
U.S. Census Bureau
Island
U.S. Census Bureau
Levee
U.S. Census Bureau
Dam
U.S. Census Bureau
Connector
U.S. Census Bureau
Stream/River
U.S. Census Bureau
Braided Stream
U.S. Census Bureau
Canal, Ditch or Aqueduct
U.S. Census Bureau
Pier/Dock
U.S. Census Bureau
Airport or Airfield
U.S. Census Bureau
Runway/Taxiway
U.S. Census Bureau
Pipeline
U.S. Census Bureau
Powerline
U.S. Census Bureau
Aerial Tramway/Ski Lift
U.S. Census Bureau
Conveyor
U.S. Census Bureau
Fence Line
U.S. Census Bureau
Ridge Line
U.S. Census Bureau
Cliff/Escarpment
U.S. Census Bureau
Point-to-Point Line
U.S. Census Bureau
Property/Parcel Line (Including PLSS)
U.S. Census Bureau
Ferry Crossing
U.S. Census Bureau
Nonvisible Linear Legal/Statistical Boundary
U.S. Census Bureau
Perennial Shoreline
U.S. Census Bureau
Intermittent Shoreline
U.S. Census Bureau
Other non-visible bounding Edge (e.g., Census water boundary, boundary of an areal feature)
U.S. Census Bureau
Railroad Feature (Main, Spur, or Yard)
U.S. Census Bureau
Carline, Streetcar Track, Monorail, Other Mass Transit Rail)
U.S. Census Bureau
Cog Rail Line, Incline Rail Line, Tram
U.S. Census Bureau
Primary Road
U.S. Census Bureau
Secondary Road
U.S. Census Bureau
Local Neighborhood Road, Rural Road, City Street
U.S. Census Bureau
Vehicular Trail (4WD)
U.S. Census Bureau
Ramp
U.S. Census Bureau
Service Drive usually along a limited access highway
U.S. Census Bureau
Walkway/Pedestrian Trail
U.S. Census Bureau
Stairway
U.S. Census Bureau
Alley
U.S. Census Bureau
Private Road for service vehicles (logging, oil, fields, ranches, etc.)
U.S. Census Bureau
Private Driveway
U.S. Census Bureau
Parking Lot Road
U.S. Census Bureau
Bike Path or Trail
U.S. Census Bureau
Bridle Path
U.S. Census Bureau
Concatenation of expanded text for prefix qualifier, prefix direction, prefix type, base name,
suffix type, suffix direction, and suffix qualifier (as available) with a space between each
expanded text field
U.S. Census Bureau
Spatial metadata identifier
U.S. Census Bureau
Spatial MID is positive, non-zero number
U.S. Census Bureau
From house number associated with the most inclusive address range on the left side of the edge
U.S. Census Bureau
To house number associated with the most inclusive address range on the left side of the edge
U.S. Census Bureau
From house number associated with the most inclusive address range on the right side of the edge
U.S. Census Bureau
To house number associated with the most inclusive address range on the right side of the edge
U.S. Census Bureau
ZIP code associated with the most inclusive address range on the left side
U.S. Census Bureau
ZIP code associated with the most inclusive address range on the right side
U.S. Census Bureau
General feature classification category
U.S. Census Bureau
Miscellaneous Topographic Feature Name
U.S. Census Bureau
Hydrographic Feature Name
U.S. Census Bureau
Living Quarters, Workplace Locations, Group Quarters, Special Places, Building Names
U.S. Census Bureau
Miscellaneous Linear Feature Name
U.S. Census Bureau
Rail Feature Name
U.S. Census Bureau
Street/Road/Path/Trail Name
U.S. Census Bureau
Hydrography feature indicator
U.S. Census Bureau
No
U.S. Census Bureau
Yes
U.S. Census Bureau
Rail feature indicator
U.S. Census Bureau
No
U.S. Census Bureau
Yes
U.S. Census Bureau
Road feature indicator
U.S. Census Bureau
No
U.S. Census Bureau
Yes
U.S. Census Bureau
Other linear feature indicator
U.S. Census Bureau
No
U.S. Census Bureau
Yes
U.S. Census Bureau
Special passage flag
U.S. Census Bureau
Bridge
U.S. Census Bureau
Ford
U.S. Census Bureau
Tunnel
U.S. Census Bureau
Divided road flag
U.S. Census Bureau
Not separated
U.S. Census Bureau
Separated
U.S. Census Bureau
Extension type
U.S. Census Bureau
Automated feature extension to lengthen existing physical feature for block delineation
U.S. Census Bureau
Nonvisible centerline of area enclosed by corridor boundary
U.S. Census Bureau
Irregular feature extension, determined manually, to lengthen existing physical feature
U.S. Census Bureau
Automated closure extension for cartographic products
U.S. Census Bureau
Not a feature extension
U.S. Census Bureau
Nonvisible separation line used with offset and corridor boundaries
U.S. Census Bureau
Track type
U.S. Census Bureau
Main
U.S. Census Bureau
Other Rail Features
U.S. Census Bureau
Spur
U.S. Census Bureau
Yard
U.S. Census Bureau
Decked road indicator
U.S. Census Bureau
Rail above
U.S. Census Bureau
Rail below
U.S. Census Bureau
Road above a different road (allow MTFCCs to vary)
U.S. Census Bureau
Not Decked
U.S. Census Bureau
One road split between several different levels (MTFCC cannot vary)
U.S. Census Bureau
Artificial path indicator
U.S. Census Bureau
Census or Local Artificial Path
U.S. Census Bureau
Not an Artificial Path (default)
U.S. Census Bureau
USGS Artificial Path or Connector Inside Water
U.S. Census Bureau
Hydrographic persistence flag
U.S. Census Bureau
Intermittent
U.S. Census Bureau
Perennial
U.S. Census Bureau
Short lines flag for geographic corridors
U.S. Census Bureau
Closure
U.S. Census Bureau
Indicates the edge is not a short edge
U.S. Census Bureau
Traverses corridor
U.S. Census Bureau
Left offset flag
U.S. Census Bureau
Right offset flag
U.S. Census Bureau
From TIGER node identifier
U.S. Census Bureau
To TIGER node identifier
U.S. Census Bureau
4600 Silver Hill Road, Stop 7400
No warranty, expressed or implied is made with regard to the accuracy of these data, and no liability is
assumed by the U.S. Government in general or the U.S. Census Bureau in specific as to the spatial or
attribute accuracy of the data. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty and
no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. government in the use of these files. The boundary information
in the TIGER/Line Shapefiles is for statistical data collection and tabulation purposes only; their
depiction and designation for statistical purposes do not constitute a determination of jurisdictional
authority or rights of ownership or entitlement and they are not legal land descriptions.
To obtain more information about ordering TIGER/Line shapefiles visit http://www.census.gov/geo/www/tiger
4600 Silver Hill Road, Stop 7400